Alternative image flashing methods

It is recommended to use Etcher to flash the Lakka images. If it is not possible to use Etcher, follow the methods below based on your operating system.

Windows

On Windows you will need two additional tools, that can: - decompress .gz files (in this example we will use 7-Zip) - write image files to USB thumb drives / SD cards (in this example we will use Win32DiskImager)

Install required tools

Install 7-Zip and Win32DiskImager. You can download them using the links above. ## Decompress the downloaded Lakka image file Using Windows File Explorer navigate to folder where you have save the downloaded Lakka image file (Lakka-*.img.gz). Right click on it and select 7-Zip -> Extract here. You will get decompressed file (Lakka-*.img).

Determine your SD/USB drive

Plug in your SD card / USB thumb drive. Windows should give you the drive letter. Please note this for next step.

Flash the image

Run the Win32DiskImager utility. Click on the folder icon below “Image File” and select the decompressed image file (Lakka-*.img). Under “Device” select the drive letter of your SD card / USB thumb drive. Selecting incorrect letter can lead to erasing either your hard drive or any other device! Click on the “Write” button. Wait until the writing process is finished and disconnect your SD card / USB thumb drive.

Linux

Decompress the downloaded Lakka image file

The downloaded image file is compressed using gzip, so it must be decompressed. We assume that you downloaded the file to your ~/Downloads folder:

 $ cd ~/Downloads
 $ gunzip Lakka-*.img.gz

Determining the SD/USB drive

Now list your current drives and partitions before you plug in your SD card / USB thumb drive:

 $ ls -l /dev/sd*

You will see a list of disks/partitions similar to following:

 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  0 Sep 16 18:09 /dev/sda
 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  1 Sep 16 18:09 /dev/sda1
 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  2 Sep 16 18:09 /dev/sda2
 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  3 Sep 16 18:09 /dev/sda3
 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  4 Sep 16 18:09 /dev/sda4

In this case there is one disk /dev/sda with 4 partitions /dev/sda1 to /dev/sda4. Your output might be different depending on number of drives and partitions. Now plug in your SD card / USB thumb drive and type again:

 ls -l /dev/sd*

Once again the same disks/partitions will be shown, but there will be new disk with its partitions:

 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  0 Sep 16 18:09 /dev/sda
 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  1 Sep 16 18:09 /dev/sda1
 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  2 Sep 16 18:09 /dev/sda2
 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  3 Sep 16 18:09 /dev/sda3
 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  4 Sep 16 18:09 /dev/sda4
 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Sep 18 23:12 /dev/sdb
 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 17 Sep 18 23:12 /dev/sdb1
 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 18 Sep 18 23:12 /dev/sdb2

In this case it is the disk /dev/sdb with 2 partitions /dev/sdb1 to /dev/sdb2. This means, that /dev/sdb represents the SD card / USB thumb drive. Please note your identifier.

Flashing the image

Now that you know your SD card / USB thumb drive identifier, you can flash the image to it. Please note that dd is a very dangerous command: if you give it the wrong drive identifier, it could erase your hard drive instead of the SD card / USB thumb drive!

 $ sudo dd if=Lakka-*.img of=/dev/sdX status=progress

Replace /dev/sdX with your location noted in previous step, e.g. /dev/sdb. It should take a few minutes. Once done, type following:

 $ sync

Wait for the prompt and you can unplug your USB thumb drive / eject your SD card.

MacOS

Decompressing the downloaded Lakka image

Navigate to the location where you have downloaded the Lakka image. Double click the file to decompress it.

Determining your SD/USB drive

First, you need to know the location of your your SD/USB drive. Open a Console and list your current drives and partitions before inserting the SD card / USB thumb drive:

 $ diskutil list

It will show output similar to this:

 /dev/disk0
    #:                       TYPE NAME                     SIZE      IDENTIFIER
    0:     GUID_partitions_scheme                        *121.3 GB   disk0
    1:                        EFI                         209.7 MB   disk0s1
    2:                  Apple_HFS                         67.9 GB    disk0s2
    3:                  Apple_HFS Linux Boot Loader fr... 134.2 MB   disk0s3
    4:                  Apple_HFS MacOS                   52.4 GB    disk0s4
    5:                 Apple_Boot Recovery HD             650.0 MB   disk0s5

In this case disk0 is the internal hard drive with 5 partitions disk0s1 to disk0s5. Now plug in your SD card / USB thumb drive and type again:

 $ diskutil list

The output should show one new drive:

 /dev/disk0
    #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
    0:     GUID_partitions_scheme                        *121.3 GB   disk0
    1:                        EFI                         209.7 MB   disk0s1
    2:                  Apple_HFS                         67.9 GB    disk0s2
    3:                  Apple_HFS Linux Boot Loader fr... 134.2 MB   disk0s3
    4:                  Apple_HFS MacOS                   52.4 GB    disk0s4
    5:                 Apple_Boot Recovery HD             650.0 MB   disk0s5
 /dev/disk1
    #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
    0:     FDisk_partition_scheme                        *2.0 GB     disk1
    1:             Windows_FAT_32 System                  131.1 MB   disk1s1
    2:                      Linux                         1.8 GB     disk1s2

So the identifier of the SD card / USB thumb drive is in this case /dev/disk1. Please note your identifier.

Flashing the image

Now that you know your SD card / USB thumb drive location, you can flash the image to it.Go to the folder where you have extracted the downloaded file (cd /path/to_the/location). Please note that dd is a very dangerous command: if you give it the wrong drive identifier, it could erase your hard drive instead of the SD card!

 $ sudo dd if=Lakka-*.img of=/dev/diskX

Replace /dev/diskX with your identifier noted in previous step, e.g. /dev/disk1. It should take a few minutes until similar message is shown:

 327680+0 records in
 327680+0 records out
 167772160 bytes transferred in 179.500632 secs (934661 bytes/sec)

Once done, you can unplug your USB thumb drive / eject your SD card. If you get this error:

 dd: /dev/diskXsN: Resource busy

You have to unmount every partition of your SD card / USB thumb drive. This can be done with:

 $ diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskX

And then you can retry.